Evaluación de los niveles de Nesfatina-1 en ovejas con toxemia gestacional
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar los efectos de la toxemia gestacional (TP) en los niveles de nesfatina–1 en ovejas y examinar su relación con la espexina, otro biomarcador involucrado en el metabolismo energético. El estudio se realizó en 45 ovejas Awassi que habían parido al menos una vez y tenían entre 120 y 150 días de gestación. Las ovejas se dividieron en tres grupos. El grupo control (Grupo 1, n=15) consistió en ovejas sanas con niveles de BHBA (ácido β–hidroxibutírico) < 0,8 mmol·L-1, el grupo PT subclínico (Grupo 2, n=15) incluyó ovejas con niveles de BHBA entre 0,8 y 2,5 mmol·L-1, y el grupo PT clínico (Grupo 3, n=15) consistió en ovejas con niveles de BHBA > 2,5 mmol·L-1 (rango de 2,6 a 7,10 mmol·L-1). Los niveles séricos de nesfatina–1 y espexina se midieron utilizando un kit comercial. Los niveles de espexina fueron significativamente menores en los grupos de PT subclínico y clínico en comparación con el grupo control (P<0,001). Los niveles de nesfatina–1 fueron menores en el grupo de PT subclínico, pero mayores en el grupo de PT clínico en comparación con el control (P<0,001). Los niveles de triglicéridos y colesterol fueron significativamente mayores en los grupos de PT subclínico y clínico en comparación con el control (P<0,001). Los niveles de aspartato aminotransferasa (AST) y gama glutamil transferasa (GGT) también fueron significativamente elevados en los grupos de PT subclínico y clínico (P<0,001). El análisis de correlación reveló las siguientes relaciones: los niveles de espexina mostraron una correlación positiva significativa con la insulina (P<0,001). Los niveles de espexina se correlacionaron negativamente con nesfatina–1, BHBA, (ácidos grasos no esterificados) NEFA, triglicéridos, colesterol, AST y GGT (P<0,001). Los niveles de nesfatina–1 se correlacionaron positivamente con la glucosa, BHBA, NEFA, triglicéridos, colesterol, AST y GGT, mientras que mostraron una correlación negativa significativa con la insulina (P<0,001). En conclusión, las neuropéptidos nesfatina–1 y espexina podrían servir como nuevos biomarcadores para el diagnóstico de las formas clínicas y subclínicas de TP en ovejas.
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